I.ENABLING ENVIRONMENT

Pillar 1

Institutions

A

Security

1.1

Business costs of organized crime 1-7 (best)

1.2

Homicide rate /100,000 pop

1.3

Terrorism incidence 0 (very high) -100 (no incidence)

1.4

Reliability of police services  1-7 (best)

B

Social capital

1.5

Social capital 0-100 (high)

C

Checks and balances

1.6

Budget transparency 0-100 (best)

1.7

Judicial independence 1-7 (best)

1.8

Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations 1-7 (best)

1.9

Freedom of the press 0-100 (worst)

D

Public-sector performance

1.10

Burden of government regulation 1-7 (best)

1.11

Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes

1-7 (best)

1.12

E-Participation Index 0-1 (best

1.13

Future orientation of government 1-7 (best)

E.

Transparency

1.14

Incidence of corruption 0-100 (best)

F

Property rights

1.15

Property rights 1-7 (best)

1.16

Intellectual property protection 1-7 (best)

1.17

Quality of land administration 0-30 (best)

G

Corporate governance

1.18

Strength of auditing and reporting standards 1-7 (best)

1.19

Conflict of interest regulation 0-10 (best)

1.20

Shareholder governance 0-10 (best)

Pillar 2

Infrastructure

A

Transport infrastructure

I

Road

2.01

Road connectivity index 0-100 (best)

2.02

Quality of roads 1-7 (best)

II

Rail

2.03

Railroad density, km of roads/square km

2.04

Efficiency of train services 1-7 (best)

III

Air

2.05

Airport connectivity score

2.06

Efficiency of air transport services 1-7 (best)

IV

Sea

2.07

Liner Shipping Connectivity Index 0–157.1 (best)

2.08

Efficiency of seaport services 1-7 (best)

B

Utility infrastructure

I

Electricity

2.09

Electrification rate (% pop.)

2.10

Electric power transmission and distribution losses (% output)

II

Water

2.11

Exposure to unsafe drinking water (% pop.)

2.12

Reliability of water supply 1-7 (best)

Pillar 3

ICT adoption

3.1

Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions /100 pop.

3.2

Mobile-broadband subscriptions /100 pop

3.3

Fixed-broadband Internet subscriptions /100 pop

3.4

Fibre Internet subscriptions /100 pop.

3.5

Internet users (% pop.)

Pillar 4

Macroeconomic stability

4.1

Inflation (annual % change)

4.2

Debt dynamics 0-100 (best)

II. HUMAN CAPITAL

Pillar 5

Health

5.1

Healthy life expectancy (years)

Pillar 6

Skills

A

Current workforce

I

Education of current workforce

6.1

Mean years of schooling (Years)

II

Skills of current workforce

6.2

Extent of staff training 1-7 (best)

6.3

Quality of vocational training 1-7 (best)

6.4

Skillset of graduates 1-7 (best)

6.5

Digital skills among population 1-7 (best)

6.6

Ease of finding skilled employees 1-7 (best)

B

Future workforce.

I

Education of future workforce

6.7

School life expectancy (Years)

II

Skills of future workforce

6.8

Critical thinking in teaching 1-7 (best)

6.9

Pupil-to-teacher ratio in primary education (Ratio)

III. MARKETS

Pillar 7

Product market

A

Domestic market competition

7.1

Distortive effect of taxes and subsidies on competition 1-7 (best)

7.2

Extent of market dominance 1-7 (best)

7.3

Competition in services 1-7 (best)

B

Trade openness

7.4

Prevalence of non-tariff barriers 1-7 (best)

7.5

Trade tariffs % duty

7.6

Complexity of tariffs 1-7 (best

7.7

Efficiency of the clearance process 1–5 (best)

7.8

Services trade openness 0-100 (worst)

Pillar 8

Labour market

A

Flexibility

8.1

Redundancy costs (weeks of salary)

8.2

Hiring and firing practices 1-7 (best)

8.3

Cooperation in Labour-employer relations 1-7 (best)

8.4

Flexibility of wage determination 1-7 (best)

8.5

Active Labour policies 1-7 (best)

8.6

Workers' rights 0-100 (best)

8.7

Ease of hiring foreign labour 1-7 (best)

8.8

Internal Labour mobility 1-7 (best)

B

Meritocracy and incentivization

8.9

Reliance on professional management 1-7 (best)

8.10

Pay and productivity 1-7 (best)

8.11

Female participation in Labour force (ratio)

8.12

Labour tax rate (%)

Pillar 9

Financial system

A

Depth

9.1

Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP)

9.2

Financing of SMEs 1-7 (best)

9.3

Venture capital availability 1-7 (best)

9.4

Market capitalization (% GDP)

9.5

Insurance premium (% GDP)

B

Stability

9.6

Soundness of banks 1-7 (best)

9.7

Non-performing loans (% loan portfolio value)

9.8

Credit gap (percentage points)

9.9

Banks’ regulatory capital ratio (ratio)

Pillar 10

Market size

10.1

Gross domestic product (PPP $ billions)

10.2

Imports (% GDP)

IV. INNOVATION ECOSYSTEM

Pillar 11

Business dynamism

A

Administrative requirements

11.1

Cost of starting a business (% GNI per capita)

11.2

Time to start a business (days)

11.3

Insolvency recovery rate (cents/$)

11.4

Insolvency regulatory framework 0-16 (best)

B

Entrepreneurial culture

11.5

Attitudes toward entrepreneurial risk 1-7 (best)

11.6

Willingness to delegate authority 1-7 (best)

11.7

Growth of innovative companies 1-7 (best)

11.8

Companies embracing disruptive ideas 1-7 (best)

Pillar 12

Innovation capability

A

Interaction and diversity

12.1

Diversity of workforce 1-7 (best)

12.2

State of cluster development 1-7 (best)

12.3

International co-inventions (applications/million pop.)

12.4

Multi-stakeholder collaboration 1-7 (best)

B

Research and development

12.5

Scientific publications (H Index)

12.6

Patent applications (applications/million pop)

12.7

R&D expenditures (% GDP)

12.8

Quality of research institutions (index)

C

Commercialization

12.9

Buyer sophistication 1-7 (best)

12.10

Trademark applications (applications/million pop)